de soldenhoff



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Fm, Patented Aug. 13, 1889.

R. DE SOLDEIIHOFF.V

f' PREGIPITANTS, EG., RESULTING PROM SLUDGE, 650. NO.v 409,022.

J7J'r1`neb` (No Model.)

FURNAGE FOB. THE DESIGGATION, INGINERATION, AND GARBONIZATION J wenfor/Je JMW smh m s@ @ESAN N4 PETERS, FhoIn-Llhogrnpber. Washington. ILC.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

R. DE SOLDENHOFP. PURNAGB POR THE DESIGGATION, INGINEEATION, ANDCARBoNIzAslIoN` 0F PREGIPITANTS, sw., RESULTING PROM SLUDGB, 6m.

No. 409,022. Patented Aug. 13, 18.89.

.7B nhg: nay

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD DE SOLDENHOFF, OF 71 ST. MARY STREET, OARDIFF, COUNTY OF.

GLAMORGAN, ENGLAND.

FURNACE FOR THE DESICCATION, INCINERATION, AND CARBONIZATION 0FPRECIPITANTS, &c., RESULTING FROM SLUDGE, &c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent No. 409,022, dated August13, 1889. ApDlCatOn filed September 26, 1887. Serial No. 250,736. (NOmodel.) Patented in England February 24, 1886, No. 2,721.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD DE SOLDEN- HOFF, engineer, a subject of theQueen of Great Britain, residing at 7l St. Mary Street, Oardiif, in thecounty of Glamorgan, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Furnaces for the Desiccation, Incineration, andCarbonization of Precipitants or Solids Resulting from Sludge or otherSubstances Liable to Putrify, (for which I have received Letters Patentin Great Britain, No. 2,721, dated February 24, 1886,) of which thefollowing is a speciiication.

The above-named substances are to be desiccated, carbonized, andincinerated by the heat developed by the consumption of their owncombustible compounds-such as carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, andsulphur-in furnaces, as herein described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a cross-section, lookingtoward the front, of a group of furnaces constructed according to myinvention, taken on vthe line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection thereof, looking downward, taken on the lines E and E F of Fig.l. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the lines A B of Fig. l. Fig. 4Lis a similar section on the line O D of Fig. l, and Figs. 5 and G aredetail views of parts of the Hoor of the bottom iiue.

Throughout the drawings the featherless arrows indicate the course ofthe air before it comes in contact with the gases from the burningrefuse, and the feathered arrows indicate the course of the gasesemanating from said burning refuse.

The furnaces are to be built always in pairsthat is to say, the leastnumber to be used is two furnaces-situated side by side; but any evennumber of furnaces may be employed. Each furnace is composed of twochambersan upper one A and a lower one B.

.The upper chamber A is 'the desiccating or drying chamber, while thelower chamber B is the incinerating or carbonizing chamber. The upperchamber A is provided with one, two, or more openings d in the top,through which the said chamber is to be charged with the material to bedesiccated, and with one or more end openings. lVhen one of the openingsb is employed, it is placed in front, while at the back is a permanentclosure, and when two openings are employed one opening isfplaced in thefront end and the other opening b in the back end thereof. Each of theseend openings is large enough to permit a rabble to be passed through it,so as to level the material in the said upper chamber A. The openings inthe top are closed by means of cast-iron covers a', while those in theends are closed by means of doors, as hereinafter described. Each ofthese upper chambers A is situated above a lower chamber B, and is putin connection with it by three openings c, situated immediatelyunderneath the charging-openings a. These openings c are closed withfire-brick covers c', provided with wrought-iron handles, by which theymay be taken out through the charging-openings a.

The openings c are for the purpose of enabling the material whensufiiciently dry to be passed through them from the upper chamber A intothe lower chamber B. The lower chamber B is provided with doors B', ashereinafter described.

Each pair of lower chambers B is situated above and parallel with sixhorizontal tlues C D E C D E', the tlues C D E being arranged in a tierone above the other under one chamber B, and the others O D E arrangedlikewise and parallel with the tlues C D E under the other chamber B,the arches or crowns of the flues C and C constituting the iioors of thechambers B. The iioor of the top flue may be horizontal, as shown, orslightly inclined from the center to both ends; or it may be inclinedfrom the back to the front. The top tlues O and C and bottom flues E andE are gas-lines. The intermediate,

tlues D D are air-regenerative flues, which two latter, as fully shownin Figs. 2, 3, and 4, have a great number of communicating ports orpassages D5. Each side wall of the upper chamber A of the furnace isformed with a horizontal air-flue F, which is in connection with anotherhorizontal flue G, formed in the side walls of the lower chambers Bdirectly below the flues F, through a series of openings d in the roofof said flue G. The flues F and G communicate with the oven-chamber B byopenings e and f, the said openings c and f being alike, as plainlyshown at Figs. 3 and et. From the flue G to the floor of the 4flue Cthere are shown twentyeight vertical filles H; but any other number ofsuch iiues may be employed. These are repeated in every side wall exceptthe last on the righthand side and the last on the left-hand side. Atthese latter places two horizontal flues divided bya floor 0 areemployed instead, the iiue above said iioor being in communication withthe chamber B through the ports cf, while the flue below communicates atone end with the iiue above, and at the opposite end with flue C or C',thus causing the gas to traverse the full extent of both iiues above andbelow the floor before entering the flue C or C. These vertical fines Hare gas-nues, which convey the products of combustion to the ports C2 inthe side of each flue @,whencc such products enter the latter. Thus thegases from the two chambers in each furnace are caused to meet in theflue C, and after traversing together the greater portion thereof passinto the next fine C ra the transverse end ilue X. (See Figs. 3 and l.)From these iiues C and C the gases pass through vertical iiues p p intothe bottom fines E E', and from there into the main iiue J. (See Figs. 3and 4.)

The first iiue D on the lefthaud side receives the cold air through theflue D3, which, after traversing through all of the tlues D, passes, riaports D", into vertical tiues K K', which latter lead directly totransverse horizontal ues N, each having vertical openings or flues o ron opposite sides of their partitions r3 in their bottoms leading to theair- Alilies F for conveying the air to the latter, from whence itenters the lower air-tlues G through the openings d, or into the ovensor chambers B through openings e and f. rlhe flues F are provided withcontinuations r4'of the partitions r3, which divide such .fiues F intothree chambers, as shown in Fig. Il. These partitions r3, with theirlower extensions i", are for the purpose of splitting the current of airpassing along the iiues N, and more equally dividing the volume in thefines F.

In some eases, if necessary, the gases would be passed intermittentlyinto two Siemens regenerators situated in the main flue between theovens and the chimney, so that the waste gases would traverse theregenerators before passing to the chimney, and the air passing intothem intermittently would pass through one of the regenerators ata timebefore entering the vertical fiues K K.

The working of the furnace is as follows: The furnace being' iirstsuitably heated by coke or other fires, the material to be treated ischarged .lrst into the upper chamber A ot' the furnace to dry, fromwhence, after the moisture is expelled, it is dropped into the 'ignitedin this lower airtlue G.

lower chamber B. In this lower chamber B, the material operated on,owing to the heat of the side walls and floors and owing to the presenceof hot air delivered by the upper air-Hue F, will iniiame and expel thegases. rlhe gases, partly burned in the oven and partly inthe Hue, willproduce heat and render it to the side walls. The waste gases andthcheat will, after having escaped from the ovens, pass into the lowerair-tlue G, in which they will mingle with the gases of the next oven,and also with the hot air passing tothe lower air-liuc G through theopenings d in the iioor of the upper air-Hue. Therefore all the gasesnot yet iniiamed in the furnace will become The products of combustionwill then find their way through the vertical fiues H, by which theywill be conducted to the liue C ra their side ports (L2 under the AHoorsof the ovens or chambers B, and in which iiue C the gases traveling intwo side walls, both belonging to the same furnace, but each used bygases of two furnaces, mingle together. A small part of the gases inthis flue C, in which they meet, will be taken olf by the iiue y) at theend of the ilue E, while the bulk of the gases in the iiue C will flowinto the flue C ca the flue X, whence, by the vertical fiue p', theywill pass into the flue E'. (See Fig. 4.) The object in allowing aportion of the combined gases in fines C C to escape through fiues j) pis to heat the iiues D D', and this will naturally be the result, as thegases ijiassing in the iiucs C C heat the upper parts of the i'lues DD', while the passing in the lilies E E heat the bottoms of fines D D,and the two latter being in communication they will of course share theheat. The cold air iirst enters the flue D and passes through similarlilies from one end of the block of furnaces to the other, where, by thetwo vertical flues K K', as stated above, it is led into the two iiues NN, situated on the top of the furnaces. From these the hot air entersall the upper airflues F through the openings r r', Vwhence it isdistributed into the ovens and lower airflues G, as described. 1When thematerial submitted to incineration in the chamber B of the furnace hasexpelled all its gases and been reduced to the state of ashes, the doorsB of the furnace are opened and the ashes are rabbled out by hand or byspecial machinery designed for that purpose. The doors of the furnaceare made of wrought or cast iron, and lined with four or five inches offire-brick. The perfect closure of furnaces is secured by luting themwith clay from the outside. The doors are suspended on hinges orarelifting doors. In the latter case the top of the furnaces will beprovided with crabs or other lifting means to lift the doors.

The moisture evaporating in the upper chamber A of the furnace will findits way through the middle charging-hole, which will be left open forthat purpose, only in IOO IIO

ISO

case of wet weather the opening will be provided With a cover, so as toprotect the inside of the chamber A from being wet.

The floor of the lower chamber B of the furnace is not flat, but iscurved; or it may have an undulated or serrated shape, shown at Figs. 5and 6, in order to develop the heating-surface of the iloor.

The bricks in the side walls separating the lower chamber B from thetlues G and H are about three inches thick.

ln case the Siemens regenerators, before referred to, were applied, thefines D and E would be suppressed, and the gases leaving fines C C wouldbe directed into the main iiue, and from there by an arrangement, asdescribed, diverted to the regenerators.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed', I declarethat what l claim is,-

1. A refuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed withcharging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connectingthe chambers, the air-flue in the wall of the upper chamber, the gas-Huein the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting the air andgas fines, and the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamberwith the gas-fine, substantially as described.

2. Arefuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed withcharging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connectingthe chambers, the air-flue in the wall of ythe upper chamber, t-hegas-flue in the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting theair and gas ilues, the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamberwith the gasflue, the vertical gas-nues, the top gas-tlue, the lowergas-flue, the intermediate air-flue, the vertical airiiues, the topair-lines, and the openin gs connecting the top air-lines with the air-ue in the wall of the upper chamber, substantially as described.

3. A refuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed withcharging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connectingthe chambers, the air-flue in the wall of the upper chamber, thegas-flue in the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting theVair and gas lues, the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamberwith the gasi'iue, the vertical gas-fines, the top gas-iiue, the lowergas-flue, the intermediate air-flue, the vertical air-lues, the topair-fines, the openings connecting the top air-lines with the air-fluein the wall of the upper chamber, and the main flue, with which thelower gas-flue connects, substantially as described.

et. A refuse-furnace having upper chambers A 'A, formed withcharging-openings a, the lower chambers B B,the charging-openings c,connecting the upper and lower chambers, the horizontal air-nue F in thewall between the upper chambers, the horizontal gas-Hue G and verticalgas-fines l-l in the wall between the lower chambers, the openings d,connecting the horizontal air-line with the horizontal gasfiue, and theopenings c and f, connecting the lower chambers with the horizontalgas-flue, substantially as described.

5. A refuse-furnace having the upper chambers A A, the lower chambers BB, the horizontal air-flue F in the wall between the upper chambers, thehorizontal gas-flue G and the vertical gas-fines H in the wall between.the lower chambers, the openings d, connecting the horizontal air-duewith the horizontal gas-flue, the openings e and f, connecting the lowerchambers with the horizontal gas-flue, the top fines C and C beneath thelower chambers,the bottom .fines E E', the intermediate air-fines D Dbetween the top and bottom gas-fines, the vertical air-fines K K', the

vtop air-lines N, the openings r, connecting the top air-flue with thehorizontal air-flue, and the openings p p', connecting the top iiues C Cwith the bottom ilues E E, and the main flue J, substantially asdescribed.

l R. DE SOLDENHOFF. Titnessesz D. M. EVANS, F. UANKE, Both of 7l St.llfary Street, @turd/ijf.

